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3\u3001\u7f57\u6c0f\u8bca\u65ad\uff08\u745e\u58eb\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n \u4eea\u5668\u9500\u552e\u989d\uff1a20.6\u4ebf\u7f8e\u5143<\/p>\n \u8c6a\u592b\u8fc8\u00b7\u7f57\u6c0f\u516c\u53f8\u59cb\u521b\u4e8e1896\u5e7410\u6708\uff0c\u66fe\u7ecf\u5728\u56fd\u9645\u5065\u5eb7\u4e8b\u4e1a\u9886\u57df\u5c45\u4e16\u754c\u9886\u5148\u5730\u4f4d\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u4ee5\u79d1\u7814\u5f00\u53d1\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\u7684\u8de8\u56fd\u516c\u53f8\uff0c\u603b\u90e8\u4f4d\u4e8e\u745e\u58eb\u5df4\u585e\u5c14\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u4e1a\u52a1\u6d89\u53ca\uff1a\u836f\u54c1\u3001\u533b\u7597\u8bca\u65ad\u3001\u7ef4\u751f\u7d20\u548c\u7cbe\u7ec6\u5316\u5de5\u3001\u9999\u7cbe\u9999\u6599\u7b49\u56db\u4e2a\u9886\u57df\u3002<\/p>\n 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\u503c\u5f97\u4e00\u63d0\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u7f57\u6c0f\u4ece1968\u5e74\u8bbe\u7acb\u533b\u7597\u8bca\u65ad\u90e8\u95e8\u540e\uff0c\u5c31\u4ee5\u60ca\u4eba\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u5feb\u901f\u53d1\u5c55\u8d77\u6765\u3002\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u8be5\u90e8\u95e8\u751f\u4ea7\u7684\u8bd5\u5242\u88ab\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5e94\u7528\u5728\u533b\u5b66\u514d\u75ab\u5b66\u8bd5\u9a8c\u4e2d\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u598a\u5a20\u8bd5\u9a8c\u3001\u809d\u708e\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3001\u827e\u6ecb\u75c5\u75c5\u6bd2\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n 1994\u5e74\uff0c\u7f57\u6c0f\u7684\u751f\u7269\u533b\u5b66\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u4e0e\u7f8e\u56fd\u5168\u56fd\u5065\u5eb7\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u5408\u5e76\uff0c\u6210\u7acb\u4e86\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u89c4\u6a21\u6700\u5927\u4e34\u5e8a\u533b\u5b66\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u7ec4\u7ec7–\u7f8e\u56fd\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u7ec4\u7ec7\uff0c\u7f57\u6c0f\u62e5\u6709\u517649.9%\u7684\u80a1\u4efd\u3002\u5728\u533b\u7597\u8bca\u65ad\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u7f57\u6c0f\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u6210\u7ee9\u5353\u8457\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u673a\u6784\u662f\u7f57\u6c0f\u5206\u5b50\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u3002\u8be5\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u6b63\u81f4\u529b\u4e8e\u805a\u5408\u9176\u94fe\u72b6\u53cd\u5e94\u6280\u672f(PCR)\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u6280\u672f\u80fd\u591f\u5c06\u540c\u4e00\u57fa\u56e0\u6216DNA\u65ad\u7247\u91cd\u590d\u590d\u5236\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u57fa\u7840\u7814\u7a76\u3001\u827e\u6ecb\u75c5\u3001\u7ed3\u6838\u75c5\u3001\u767d\u8840\u75c5\u7684\u8bca\u65ad\u53ca\u73af\u5883\u6d4b\u8bd5\u65b9\u9762\u30021998\u5e74\u521d\uff0c\u7f57\u6c0f\u5f7b\u5e95\u5b8c\u6210\u4e86\u5bf9\u5b9d\u7075\u66fc\u516c\u53f8\u7684\u517c\u5e76\uff0c\u5438\u6536\u4e86\u8fd9\u5bb6\u516c\u53f8\u5728\u4ea7\u54c1\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\uff0c\u4e00\u8dc3\u6210\u4e3a\u533b\u836f\u8bca\u65ad\u9886\u57df\u7684\u5148\u5bfc\u3002<\/p>\n 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\u5b89\u6377\u4f26\u7684\u5316\u5b66\u5206\u6790\u4e1a\u52a1\u4e3b\u8981\u63d0\u4f9b\uff1a\u6c14\u76f8\u8272\u8c31\uff0c\u6c14\u76f8\u8272\u8c31-\u5355\u56db\u7ea7\u6746\u8d28\u8c31\u3001\u4e32\u8054\u56db\u7ea7\u6746\u8d28\u8c31\u3001\u56db\u7ea7\u6746\u98de\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u8d28\u8c31\u7b49\u9ad8\u7aef\u8bbe\u5907\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f2009\u5e74\u6536\u8d2d\u74e6\u91cc\u5b89\u540e\uff0c\u5b89\u6377\u4f26\u6574\u5408\u4e86\u5149\u8c31\u4ea7\u54c1\u7ebf\u4e0e\u5316\u5b66\u5206\u6790\u4e1a\u52a1\u53ca\u5176\u771f\u7a7a\u8bbe\u5907\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u65e0\u673a\u9886\u57df\u4e2d\u63d0\u4f9bICP, ICP-MS\u7b49\u4ea7\u54c1\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662fICP-MS\u9500\u91cf\u5168\u7403\u7b2c\u4e00\u3002<\/p>\n 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\u4eea\u5668\u9500\u552e\u989d\uff1a19.4\u4ebf\u7f8e\u5143<\/p>\n 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\u4eea\u5668\u9500\u552e\u989d\uff1a18.3\u4ebf\u7f8e\u5143<\/p>\n \u5361\u5c14\u00b7\u8521\u53f8\u80a1\u4efd\u516c\u53f8(Carl Zeiss AG)\u662f\u4e00\u5bb6\u5236\u9020\u5149\u5b66\u7cfb\u7edf\u3001\u5de5\u4e1a\u6d4b\u91cf\u4eea\u5668\u548c\u533b\u7597\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u5fb7\u56fd\u4f01\u4e1a\u3002\u516c\u53f8\u7684\u540d\u79f0\u6765\u6e90\u662f\u521b\u59cb\u4eba\u4e4b\u4e00—\u5fb7\u56fd\u5149\u5b66\u5bb6\u5361\u5c14\u00b7\u8521\u53f8(1816\u5e74-1888\u5e74)\u3002\u5b83\u7531\u5361\u5c14\u00b7\u8521\u53f8(Carl Zeiss)\u3001\u6069\u65af\u7279\u00b7\u5361\u5c14\u00b7\u963f\u8d1d(Ernst Karl Abbe)\u548c\u5965\u6258\u00b7\u8096\u7279(Otto Schott)\u57281846\u5e74\u5728\u8036\u62ff(Jena)\u5efa\u7acb\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u4e16\u754c\u5927\u6218\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u4e4b\u524d\u539f\u6765\u7684\u516c\u53f8\u88ab\u5206\u6210\u4e86\u4e24\u4e2a\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u503c\u5f97\u4e00\u63d0\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5fb7\u56fd\u8521\u53f8\u516c\u53f8\u662f\u4e16\u754c\u5e02\u573a\u9886\u5bfc\u8005\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u662f\u7ec6\u5206\u5e02\u573a\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u51a0\u519b\u3002<\/p>\n \u5361\u5c14.\u8521\u53f8\u96c6\u56e2\u7531\u516d\u4e2a\u72ec\u7acb\u8fd0\u4f5c\u7684\u90e8\u95e8\u6784\u6210:<\/p>\n \u534a\u5bfc\u4f53\u6280\u672f<\/strong>:\u5361\u5c14\u8521\u53f8\u534a\u5bfc\u4f53\u5de5\u827a\u6709\u9650\u516c\u53f8\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u4ea7\u54c1\u4e3a\u82af\u7247\u6b65\u8fdb\u673a\u4e4b\u5149\u5b66\u5fae\u5f71\u6280\u672f\u53ca\u5176\u4e0eASML\u5408\u4f5c\u751f\u4ea7\u7684\u82af\u7247\u66dd\u5149\u673a\u3002\u5176\u4ed6\u4ea7\u54c1\u9879\u76ee\u5305\u62ec\u6fc0\u5149\u5fae\u5f71\u4e0e\u540c\u6b65\u52a0\u901f\u5149\u5b66\u7684\u5fae\u5f71\u6280\u672f\u5149\u5b66\u7ec4\u4ef6\u53ca\u6a21\u5757<\/p>\n \u533b\u7597\u7cfb\u7edf<\/strong>:\u533b\u7597\u7cfb\u7edf\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u773c\u79d1\uff0c\u795e\u7ecf\u5916\u79d1\u548c\u8033\u9f3b\u5589\u79d1\u9886\u57df\u53ca\u533b\u751f\u8bca\u6240\u3002\u4ea7\u54c1\u8303\u56f4\u4ece\u624b\u672f\u663e\u5fae\u955c\uff0c\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u4e0e\u6210\u50cf\u7cfb\u7edf\u5230\u8bca\u65ad\u4e0e\u6cbb\u7597\u4eea\u5668\u3002<\/p>\n \u663e\u5fae\u955c<\/strong>:\u663e\u5fae\u955c\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u751f\u7269\u533b\u5b66\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u536b\u751f\u53ca\u836f\u54c1\u5de5\u4e1a\uff0c\u5229\u7528\u5149\u5b66\u663e\u5fae\u955c\uff0c\u5149\u626b\u63cf\u5668\uff0c\u5f71\u50cf\u5904\u7406\u53ca\u6210\u50cf\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u6fc0\u5149\u5171\u805a\u7126\u663e\u5fae\u955c\u53ca\u8367\u5149\u80fd\u8c31\u6280\u672f\u3002<\/p>\n \u5de5\u4e1a\u6d4b\u91cf\u6280\u672f<\/strong>:\u5361\u5c14\u8521\u53f8\u5de5\u4e1a\u6d4b\u91cf\u6280\u672f\u516c\u53f8\u7684\u4ea7\u54c1\u5305\u62ec\u6865\u5f0f\u6d4b\u91cf\u673a\uff0c\u60ac\u81c2\u5f0f\u6d4b\u91cf\u673a\uff0c\u8bb0\u5fc6\u6d4b\u91cf\u5f62\u72b6\uff0c\u8f6e\u5ed3\u4e0e\u8868\u9762\u7684\u4eea\u5668\u3002\u5361\u5c14\u8521\u53f8\u4e3a\u5728\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u4f7f\u7528\u6d4b\u91cf\u673a\u521b\u8bbe\u65b0\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u3002<\/p>\n \u7535\u5b50\u5149\u5b66\u7cfb\u7edf<\/strong>:\u4ea7\u54c1\u8303\u56f4\u5305\u62ec\u6444\u5f71\u4e0e\u7535\u5f71\u6444\u5f71\u5149\u5b66\uff0c\u6570\u7801\u6295\u5f71\u673a\u7684\u5149\u5b66\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u5149\u7535\u4ea7\u54c1\u53ca\u5176\u5b50\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0e\u5929\u6587\u661f\u8c61\u4eea\u3002<\/p>\n \u6d88\u8d39\u5149\u5b66\u4ea7\u54c1<\/strong>:\u5361\u5c14\u8521\u53f8\u662f\u4e16\u754c\u6392\u540d\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7684\u773c\u955c\u7247\u5236\u9020\u5546\u3002\u8521\u53f8\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5728\u773c\u79d1\u5149\u5b66\u9886\u57df\u751f\u4ea7\u773c\u955c\u955c\u7247\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u4f9b\u773c\u955c\u54a8\u8be2\u4e0e\u914d\u955c\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u7c7b\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u6d88\u8d39\u4ea7\u54c1\u4e3a\u4f53\u80b2\u8fd0\u52a8\u5149\u5b66\u9886\u57df\u7684\u53cc\u7b52\u671b\u8fdc\u955c\u53ca\u72e9\u730e\u671b\u8fdc\u955c\u3002<\/p>\n 7\u3001\u5e03\u9c81\u514b\uff08\u5fb7\u56fd\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n \u4eea\u5668\u9500\u552e\u989d\uff1a15.2\u4ebf\u7f8e\u5143<\/p>\n \u5fb7\u56fd\u5e03\u9c81\u514b\u662f\u5168\u7403\u7b2c\u4e00\u5bb6\u4e3a\u79d1\u5b66\u548c\u5de5\u4e1a\u9886\u57df\u751f\u4ea7\u5546\u7528\u8109\u51b2\u6838\u78c1\u5171\u632f\uff08NMR\uff09\u6ce2\u8c31\u4eea\u7684\u516c\u53f8\uff0c1980\u5e74\uff0c\u5e03\u9c81\u514b\u6536\u8d2dAnalysen technik\u516c\u53f8\uff0c\u8fdb\u5165\u56db\u6781\u6746\u8d28\u8c31\u9886\u57df\uff1b1988\u5e74\uff0c\u63a8\u51faTOF-1\u8d28\u8c31\uff1b1982\u5e74\uff0c\u5f00\u53d1\u51fa\u7b2c\u4e00\u53f0\u5546\u7528FT-ICR\u5085\u7acb\u53f6\u53d8\u6362-\u79bb\u5b50\u56de\u65cb\u5171\u632f\u8d28\u8c31\uff0c\u503c\u5f97\u4e00\u63d0\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5fb7\u56fd\u5e03\u9c81\u514b\u66fe\u7ecf\u5b89\u88c5\u4e86\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u9996\u53f021 T\uff0c\u5343\u4e07\u7ea7\u5206\u8fa8\u7387\u7684FT-ICR\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n 1992\u5e74\uff0c\u5e03\u9c81\u514b\u6210\u529f\u63a8\u51faREFLEX MALDI-TOF\uff0c\u6b64\u540e\u4e00\u76f4\u4e3b\u5bfcMALDI-TOF\u7684\u5e02\u573a\uff1b1994\u5e74\uff0c\u63a8\u51fa\u5546\u7528\u7684\u7535\u55b7\u96fe\u79bb\u5b50\u9631\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u540e\u53d1\u5c55\u4e3a\u4eca\u65e5\u7684amaZon\u79bb\u5b50\u9631\u7cfb\u5217\uff1b2002\u5e74\uff0c\u63a8\u51faultrafleX MALDI TOF\/TOF\u9ad8\u901a\u91cf\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u81f3\u4eca\u62e5\u6709microflex\u3001autoflex\u4ee5\u53caultrafleXtreme\uff1b2005\u5e74\uff0c\u63a8\u51famicrOTOF-Q\u8fdb\u5165Qq-TOF\u5e02\u573a\uff0c\u8fc4\u4eca\u62e5\u6709MaXis II\u3001Impact II\u3001Compact\u4e09\u5927\u7cfb\u5217\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n 2005\u5e74\uff0c\u5e03\u9c81\u514b\u63a8\u51faSmartbeam\u6fc0\u5149\u5668\uff0c\u5f00\u542f\u4e86\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u8d28\u8c31\u6210\u50cf\u7684\u65b0\u9886\u57df\u30022011\u5e74\u63a8\u51faSCION TQ\u4e09\u91cd\u56db\u6781\u6746\u6c14\u8d28\u8054\u7528\u4eea\uff08\u73b0\u66f4\u540d\u4e3aEVOQ GC-TQ\uff09\uff1b2012\u5e74\u63a8\u51faEVOQ\u4e09\u91cd\u56db\u6781\u6746\u6db2\u8d28\u8054\u7528\u4eea\u30022015\u5e74\uff0c\u5e03\u9c81\u514b\u575a\u5b9a\u4e0d\u79fb\u5730\u7ee7\u7eed\u63a8\u8fdbMALDI\u4ea7\u54c1\u7684\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u63a8\u51farapifleX MALDI-TOF\u53caMALDI Tissuetyper\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\uff1b\u4ee5\u53caPharmaPulse\u836f\u7269\u9ad8\u901a\u91cf\u7b5b\u9009\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n \u5e03\u9c81\u514b\u5728\u5168\u7403\u4e34\u5e8a\u533b\u7597\u9886\u57df\u7684\u8868\u73b0\u66f4\u662f\u5341\u5206\u51fa\u8272\u3002\u5728\u5c06\u6240\u6709\u786c\u4ef6\u3001\u8f6f\u4ef6\u3001\u524d\u5904\u7406\u3001\u8bd5\u5242\u3001\u65b9\u6cd5\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7ec4\u5408\u6210\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u540e\uff0c\u5e03\u9c81\u514b\u4e8e2009\u5e74\u63a8\u51faMALDI Biotyper(MBT)\u4ee5MALDI-TOF\u4e3a\u6838\u5fc3\u7684\u4ea7\u54c1\uff0c\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u9274\u5b9a\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u5e762014\u5e74\u83b7\u5f97CFDA\u533b\u7597\u5668\u68b0\u6ce8\u518c\u8bc1\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n \u5e03\u9c81\u514b\u59cb\u7ec8\u81f4\u529b\u4e8e\u5f00\u53d1\u548c\u751f\u4ea7\u6027\u80fd\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u6d4b\u91cf\u4eea\u5668\uff0c\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u5ba2\u6237\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u548c\u884c\u4e1a\u53d1\u5c55\u94fa\u5e73\u4e86\u9053\u8def\u3002\u5982\u4eca\uff0c\u5e03\u9c81\u514b\u5df2\u7ecf\u6210\u4e3a\u5168\u7403\u9886\u5148\u7684\u5206\u6790\u6280\u672f\u63d0\u4f9b\u5546\u3002\u5168\u7403\u8d85\u8fc7 6,000\u540d\u5458\u5de5\u4e0d\u65ad\u52aa\u529b\u6ee1\u8db3\u5ba2\u6237\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u6269\u5c55\u79d1\u5b66\u3001\u5de5\u4e1a\u548c\u533b\u7597\u5206\u6790\u7684\u8303\u56f4\u3002\u5e03\u9c81\u514b\u7531\u6838\u78c1\u5171\u632f\uff08NMR\uff09\u5148\u950b\u4eba\u7269 G\u00fcntherLaukien \u521b\u529e\uff0c\u5e03\u9c81\u514b\u7684\u4f20\u7edf\u4e0e \u6838\u78c1\u5171\u632f\uff08NMR\uff09 \u6ce2\u8c31\u7d27\u5bc6\u76f8\u5173\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n 8\u3001\u6885\u7279\u52d2-\u6258\u5229\u591a\uff08\u7f8e\u56fd\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n \u4eea\u5668\u9500\u552e\u989d\uff1a15\u4ebf\u7f8e\u5143<\/p>\n \u6885\u7279\u52d2-\u6258\u5229\u591a(METTLER TOLEDO)\uff0c\u662f\u5168\u7403\u9886\u5148\u7684\u7cbe\u5bc6\u4eea\u5668\u53ca\u8861\u5668\u5236\u9020\u5546\uff0c\u5728\u767e\u5e74\u5386\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4e00\u76f4\u4fdd\u6301\u7740\u6280\u672f\u548c\u5e02\u573a\u7684\u9886\u5148\u6027\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u6885\u7279\u52d2-\u6258\u5229\u591a\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u904d\u5e03\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u3001\u5de5\u4e1a\u53ca\u96f6\u552e\u4e1a(\u5546\u4e1a)\u7684\u5404\u4e2a\u6d41\u7a0b\u4e0e\u73af\u8282\uff0c\u4ece\u9ad8\u7cbe\u5ea6\u7684\u5fae\u91cf\u5206\u6790\u5230\u5343\u5428\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u79f0\u91cd\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u6885\u7279\u52d2-\u6258\u5229\u591a\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\u56e2\u961f\u3001\u5168\u7403\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u7f51\u3001\u5b8c\u7f8e\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u5e2e\u52a9\u5168\u7403\u7528\u6237\u589e\u8fdb\u6548\u7387\u3001\u521b\u9020\u4ef7\u503c\uff0c\u8f7b\u677e\u5e94\u5bf9\u5404\u79cd\u6311\u6218\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n 1901\u5e74\uff0c\u4ea8\u5229\u00b7\u6258\u5df4\u5fb7\u535a\u58eb\u521b\u65b0\u63a8\u51fa\u4e86\u5168\u7403\u7b2c\u4e00\u53f0\u5177\u5907\u5168\u81ea\u52a8\u91cd\u91cf\u548c\u4ef7\u683c\u663e\u793a\u7684\u5e97\u94fa\u79e4\uff0c\u5f00\u521b\u4e86\u6258\u5229\u591a\u54c1\u724c\uff0c\u5e76\u53d1\u5c55\u6210\u4e3a\u7f8e\u56fd\u6700\u5927\u7684\u5de5\u4e1a\u53ca\u5546\u4e1a\u8861\u5668\u5236\u9020\u5546\u30021945\u5e74\uff0c\u6b27\u83b1\u5fb7\u00b7\u6885\u7279\u52d2\u535a\u58eb\u53d1\u660e\u4e86\u4ee4\u4e16\u754c\u77a9\u76ee\u7684\u9996\u53f0\u5355\u79e4\u76d8\u66ff\u4ee3\u6cd5\u5929\u5e73\uff0c\u5e76\u57281973\u5e74\uff0c\u53c8\u9686\u91cd\u63a8\u51fa\u4e86\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u7b2c\u4e00\u53f0\u5168\u7535\u5b50\u7cbe\u5bc6\u5929\u5e73–PT1200\uff0c\u5f15\u53d1\u4e86\u5168\u7403\u5929\u5e73\u7684\u6280\u672f\u9769\u547d\u30021989\u5e74\uff0c\u6885\u7279\u52d2\u548c\u6258\u5229\u591a\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u884c\u4e1a\u9886\u5bfc\u8005\u8054\u59fb\uff0c\u6885\u7279\u52d2-\u6258\u5229\u591a\u54c1\u724c\u4ece\u6b64\u8bde\u751f!<\/span><\/p>\n \u7f8e\u56fd\u6885\u7279\u52d2-\u6258\u5229\u591a\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u57fa\u672c\u8986\u76d6\u5230\u5168\u7403\u6240\u6709\u7684\u7814\u53d1\u3001\u79d1\u7814\u3001\u836f\u7269\u53d1\u73b0\u53ca\u8d28\u91cf\u63a7\u5236\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u3002\u9ad8\u5ea6\u7cbe\u5bc6\u7684\u7535\u5b50\u5929\u5e73\u3001\u6ef4\u5b9a\u4eea\u3001\u70ed\u5206\u6790\u4eea\u5668\u7b49\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u4ea7\u54c1\uff0c\u5df2\u6210\u4e3a\u5168\u4e16\u754c\u5404\u5730\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u8bbe\u5907\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u5728\u5236\u836f\u3001\u5316\u5de5\u3001\u98df\u54c1\u548c\u5316\u5986\u54c1\u7b49\u884c\u4e1a\u9886\u57df\u5e94\u7528\u5e7f\u6cdb\u3002\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u6885\u7279\u52d2-\u6258\u5229\u591a\u5728\u4e09\u79cd\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u4eea\u5668–\u5929\u5e73\u3001\u79fb\u6db2\u5668\u3001pH\u8ba1\uff0c\u5728\u5168\u7403\u5e02\u573a\u4e2d\u5904\u4e8e\u9886\u5148\u5730\u4f4d\u3002\u540c\u65f6\u8fd8\u662f\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u5316\u5b66\u9886\u57df\u7684\u5f00\u62d3\u8005\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n \u5728\u98df\u54c1\u96f6\u552e\u4e1a\uff0c\u6885\u7279\u52d2-\u6258\u5229\u591a\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u8fdb\u8d27\u3001\u719f\u98df\u67dc\u53f0\u548c\u7ed3\u5e10\u7ec8\u7aef\u3002\u6885\u7279\u52d2-\u6258\u5229\u591a\u7684\u4ea7\u54c1\u53ef\u8054\u7f51\u4f7f\u7528\u5e76\u80fd\u91c7\u96c6\u5230\u5355\u4e2a\u8d27\u54c1\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n 9\u3001\u6c83\u7279\u4e16\uff08\u7f8e\u56fd\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n \u4eea\u5668\u9500\u552e\u989d\uff1a12.1\u4ebf\u7f8e\u5143<\/p>\n \u6c83\u7279\u4e16(waters) \uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u5bb6\u603b\u90e8\u4f4d\u4e8e\u7f8e\u56fd\u9ebb\u7701(\u9a6c\u8428\u8bf8\u585e\u5dde)\u7c73\u5c14\u798f\u5fb7\u7684\u4e0a\u5e02\u516c\u53f8 \uff0c\u5176\u9ad8\u6548\u6db2\u76f8\u8272\u8c31\u4eea\uff0c\u8d28\u8c31\u4eea\uff0c\u70ed\u5206\u6790\u4eea\u4ee5\u53ca\u6d41\u53d8\u5b66\u4ea7\u54c1\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u5168\u7403\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u3002\u6c83\u7279\u4e16\u662f\u6807\u51c6\u666e\u5c14500 (Standard & Poors 500)\u6307\u6570\u80a1\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u516c\u53f8\u4e1a\u52a1\u5168\u7403\u5316\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\uff0c\u65b0\u52a0\u5761\uff0c\u7231\u5c14\u5170\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u82f1\u56fd\u7684\u66fc\u5f7b\u65af\u7279\u5747\u6709\u5236\u9020\u5de5\u5382\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n \u6c83\u7279\u4e16\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u6d41\u8d28\u91cf\u4ea7\u54c1\u4f46\u8fd9\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u4e0e\u5ba2\u6237\u5efa\u7acb\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u3002\u516c\u53f8\u5e7f\u9614\u7684\u5ba2\u6237\u670d\u52a1\u4e0e\u6280\u672f\u652f\u6301\u7f51\u7edc\u786e\u4fdd\u5ba2\u6237\u80fd\u591f\u53d6\u5f97\u6301\u4e45\u7684\u6210\u529f\u3002\u4ece\u5168\u9762\u7684\u7814\u8ba8\u4f1a\u3001\u53c2\u52a0\u5404\u79cd\u5c55\u4f1a\u5230\u5404\u79cdwaters \u6c83\u7279\u4e16\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0b\u8f7d\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u8d44\u6599\uff0c\u5168\u9762\u5730\u786e\u4fdd\u4e86\u5ba2\u6237\u7b80\u5355\u3001\u53ef\u9760\u3001\u9ad8\u7cbe\u786e\u7684\u751f\u4ea7\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n \u6c83\u7279\u4e16\u516c\u53f8\u5c24\u5176\u57282018\u5e74\u53d6\u5f97\u4e86\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u4e00\u5e74\u3002\u7279\u522b\u662f\u8272\u8c31\u548c\u8d28\u8c31\u4eea\u5668\u7684\u603b\u9500\u552e\u989d\u589e\u957f\u4e865%\uff0c\u670d\u52a1\u548c\u6d88\u8d39\u54c1\u9500\u552e\u989d\u5747\u589e\u957f8%\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u52a0\u5f3a\u5176\u8d28\u8c31\u7ec4\u5408\uff0c\u6c83\u7279\u4e16\u6700\u8fd1\u63a8\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u540d\u4e3aRenataDX\u7684\u7b5b\u67e5\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u9ad8\u901a\u91cf\u4e34\u5e8a\u8bca\u65ad\u3002<\/p>\n 10\u3001\u73c0\u91d1\u57c3\u5c14\u9ed8\uff08\u7f8e\u56fd\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n \u4eea\u5668\u9500\u552e\u989d\uff1a8.89\u4ebf\u7f8e\u5143<\/p>\n \u73c0\u91d1\u57c3\u5c14\u9ed8PERKINELMER\u662f\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u6700\u5927\u7684\u5206\u6790\u4eea\u5668\u751f\u4ea7\u5236\u9020\u5546\uff0c\u516c\u53f8\u7531\u4e13\u95e8\u81f4\u529b\u4e8e\u4ea7\u54c1\u7814\u5236\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u3001\u4e3a\u5ba2\u6237\u63d0\u4f9b\u6280\u672f\u652f\u6301\u4e0e\u9500\u552e\u670d\u52a1 \u7684\u5e02\u573a\u4eba\u5458\u548c\u5546\u4e1a\u4e13\u4e1a\u4eba\u58eb\u7ec4\u6210\u3002\u81ea1937\u5e74\u6210\u7acb\u81f3\u4eca\uff0c\u5728\u5206\u6790\u5316\u5b66\u9886\u57df\u4e0d\u65ad\u4e3a\u7528\u6237\u63d0\u4f9b\u7740\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u6700\u5148\u8fdb\u7684\u4eea\u5668\u3001\u6280\u672f\u4e0e\u670d\u52a1\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n PERKINELMER\u516c\u53f8\u751f\u4ea7\u591a\u79cd\u5316\u5b66\u5206\u6790\u4eea\u5668\uff0c\u5305\u62ec:\u539f\u5b50\u5438\u6536\u5149\u8c31\u4eea\u3001\u7b49\u79bb\u5b50\u4f53\u53d1\u5c04\u5149\u8c31\u4eea\u3001\u7b49\u79bb\u5b50\u4f53\u8d28\u8c31\u4eea\u3001\u5085\u7acb\u53f6\u53d8\u6362\u7ea2\u5916\u5149\u8c31\u4eea\u3001\u8fd1\u7ea2\u5916\u5085\u7acb\u53f6\u53d8\u6362 \u62c9\u66fc\u5149\u8c31\u4eea\u3001\u5085\u7acb\u53f6\u53d8\u6362\u8fd1\u7ea2\u5916\u5149\u8c31\u4eea\u3001\u7d2b\u5916\/\u53ef\u89c1\/\u8fd1\u7ea2\u5916\u5149\u8c31\u4eea\u3001\u65cb\u5149\u4eea\u3001\u8367\u5149\/\u78f7\u5149\/\u53d1\u5149\u5149\u8c31\u4eea\u3001\u591a\u7a7a\u677f\u8367\u5149\/\u7d2b\u5916\u9ad8\u6548\u5206\u6790\u4eea\u3001\u70ed\u5206\u6790\u4eea\u3001\u5143\u7d20\u5206\u6790\u4eea\u3001 \u8d85\u5fae\u91cf\u7535\u5b50\u5929\u5e73\u3001\u6c14\u76f8\u8272\u8c31\u4eea\u3001\u9876\u7a7a\u8fdb\u6837\u5668\u3001\u81ea\u52a8\u70ed\u8131\u9644\u4eea\u3001\u6c14\u76f8\u8272\u8c31-\u8d28\u8c31\u4eea\u3001\u5de5\u7a0b\u6c14\u76f8\u8272\u8c31\u4eea\u3001\u4fbf\u643a\u5f0f\u548c\u5fae\u578b\u6c14\u76f8\u8272\u8c31\u4eea\u3001\u6db2\u76f8\u8272\u8c31\u4eea\u7b49\u5206\u6790\u4eea\u5668\uff0c\u4ee5\u53caGC- FTIR\u3001TGA-FTIR\u3001HGA-ICP-MS\u3001GC-MS\u7b49\u8054\u7528\u4eea\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n PerkinElmer\u80a1\u4efd\u6709\u9650\u516c\u53f8\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e1a\u754c\u8457\u540d\u7684\u5168\u7403\u6027\u6280\u672f\u9886\u5148\u516c\u53f8\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u73af\u5883\u3001\u98df\u54c1\u548c\u6d88\u8d39\u4ea7\u54c1\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4eea\u5668\u3001\u8bca\u65ad\u5de5\u5177\u4ee5\u53ca\u533b\u7597\u548c\u5de5\u4e1a\u6210\u50cf\u8bbe\u5907\uff0c\u4e00\u76f4\u81f4\u529b\u4e8e\u786e\u4fdd\u4eba\u7c7b\u5065\u5eb7\u548c\u73af\u5883\u5b89\u5168\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n PerkinElmer\u5728\u5206\u6790\u4eea\u5668\u884c\u4e1a\u5177\u6709\u60a0\u4e45\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u548c\u8f89\u714c\u7684\u6210\u7ee9\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u662f\u751f\u5316\u9886\u57df\u5360\u5168\u7403\u7b2c\u4e09\u4f4d\u7684\u9886\u5148\u4f9b\u5e94\u5546\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5728\u836f\u7269\u9ad8\u901a\u91cf\u7b5b\u9009\u3001\u5168\u81ea\u52a8\u6db2\u4f53\u5904\u7406\u548c\u6837\u54c1\u5236\u5907\u65b9\u9762\u662f\u4e16\u754c\u7b2c\u4e00\u4f4d\u7684\u4f9b\u5e94\u5546\u3002\u5728\u57fa\u56e0\u7b5b\u67e5\u9886\u57dfPerkinElmer\u662f\u65b0\u751f\u513f\u7b5b\u67e5\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5168\u7403\u9886\u5bfc\u8005\uff0c\u662f\u5b55\u65e9\u671f\u4ea7\u524d\u7b5b\u67e5\u7684\u5168\u7403\u9886\u5bfc\u8005\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u5229\u7528\u8110\u5e26\u8840\u5e72\u7ec6\u80de\u5bf940\u79cd\u81f4\u547d\u75be\u75c5\u8fdb\u884c\u7b5b\u67e5\u9632\u6cbb\u6280\u672f\u7684\u63d0\u4f9b\u8005\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n \u4e3a\u6539\u5584\u4eba\u7c7b\u5065\u5eb7\uff0c\u73c0\u91d1\u57c3\u5c14\u9ed8\u516c\u53f8\u7684\u4ea7\u54c1\u4e0e\u670d\u52a1\u904d\u53ca\u5404\u4e2a\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u4ece\u5b55\u524d\u6d4b\u8bd5\u548c\u65b0\u751f\u513f\u7b5b\u67e5\u5230\u836f\u7269\u5f00\u53d1\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u4ee5\u53ca\u7528\u4e8e\u533b\u7597\u8bca\u65ad\u548c\u80bf\u7624\u6cbb\u7597\u7684X\u5149\u68c0\u6d4b\u4eea\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n 11\u3001\u4f2f\u4e50Bio-Rad Laboratories\uff08\u7f8e\u56fd\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n \u4eea\u5668\u9500\u552e\u989d\uff1a8.71\u4ebf\u7f8e\u5143<\/span><\/p>\n \u4f2f\u4e50\uff08Bio-Rad\uff09\u516c\u53f8\uff0c\u662f\u4e16\u754c\u9886\u5148\u7684\u6297\u4f53\u751f\u4ea7\u5546\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5176\u539f\u540d\u4e3aAbD Serotec\u516c\u53f8\u7684\u4e13\u4e1a\u6297\u4f53\u4e1a\u52a1\u56e2\u961f\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u8d85\u8fc712,000\u79cd\u6297\u4f53\u53ca\u76f8\u5173\u8bd5\u5242\uff0c\u4e13\u6ce8\u4e8e\u514d\u75ab\u5b66\u3001\u80bf\u7624\u3001\u517d\u533b\u7814\u7a76\u53ca\u7ec6\u80de\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u7b49\u9886\u57df\u3002<\/p>\u6297\u4f53\u4ea7\u54c1\u5305\u62ec\u7ec6\u80de\u51cb\u4ea1\u8bd5\u5242\u76d2\uff0c\u81ea\u566c\u68c0\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5242\uff0cCD\u5206\u5b50\u6807\u8bb0\u7269\uff0c\u6807\u7b7e\u6297\u4f53\uff0c\u514d\u75ab\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u6297\u4f53\uff0c\u795e\u7ecf\u79d1\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u6297\u4f53\u548c\u517d\u533b\u5e94\u7528\u8bd5\u5242\u7b49\u3002\n \n \u4f2f\u4e50\uff08Bio-Rad\uff09\u516c\u53f8\u5728\u82f1\u56fd\u62e5\u6709\u7ecfISO9001\u548cISO13485\u8ba4\u8bc1\u7684\u751f\u4ea7\u5382\u623f\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u5728\u5fb7\u56fd\u548c\u7f8e\u56fd\u5747\u8bbe\u6709\u7ecfISO9001\u8ba4\u8bc1\u7684\u5382\u623f\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n \u503c\u5f97\u4e00\u63d0\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u63a5\u89e6\u8fc7\u751f\u7269\u5316\u5b66\u6216\u5206\u5b50\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u51e0\u4e4e\u90fd\u77e5\u9053\u3001\u90fd\u8ba4\u8bc6\u8fd9\u5757\u5546\u6807\u3002\u516c\u53f8\u603b\u90e8\u5750\u843d\u5728\u7f8e\u4e3d\u7684\u7f8e\u56fd\u52a0\u5dde\u6d77\u8fb9\u7684Bio-Rad(\u4f2f\u4e50)\u516c\u53f8\u5728\u5168\u7403\u751f\u547d\u79d1\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u9886\u57df\u66f4\u52a0\u62e5\u6709\u4e3e\u8db3\u8f7b\u91cd\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u662f\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u65e0\u53ef\u4e89\u8bae\u7684\u751f\u5316\u5206\u6790\u4eea\u5668\u53ca\u4e34\u5e8a\u8bca\u65ad\u8bd5\u5242\u7684\u4f9b\u5e94\u5546\u3002\u5176\u8457\u540d\u7684\u7535\u6cf3\u7cfb\u5217\u4ea7\u54c1\u548c\u8f6c\u57fa\u56e0\u4ea7\u54c1\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u54c1\u8d28\u6700\u9ad8\u7684\u5178\u8303\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n Bio-Rad Laboratories\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u751f\u547d\u79d1\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u548c\u4e34\u5e8a\u8bca\u65ad\u4ea7\u54c1\u3002Bio-Rad\u7684\u751f\u547d\u79d1\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u4ea7\u54c1\u5305\u62ec\u8bd5\u5242\u3001\u4eea\u5668\u548c\u8f6f\u4ef6\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n 12\u3001Eppendorf\uff08\u5fb7\u56fd\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n \u4eea\u5668\u9500\u552e\u989d\uff1a8.57\u4ebf\u7f8e\u5143<\/p>\n Eppendorf (\u827e\u672c\u5fb7)\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u5bb6\u9886\u5148\u7684\u751f\u547d\u79d1\u5b66\u516c\u53f8\uff0c\u4e13\u6ce8\u4e8e\u7814\u53d1\u548c\u9500\u552e\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u7684\u6db2\u4f53\u5904\u7406\u3001\u6837\u54c1\u5904\u7406\u548c\u7ec6\u80de\u5904\u7406\u7684\u4eea\u5668\u3001\u8017\u6750\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u3002\u5fb7\u56fd\u827e\u672c\u5fb7\u516c\u53f8\u4e8e1945\u5e74\u6210\u7acb\uff0c\u603b\u90e8\u8bbe\u5728\u5fb7\u56fd\u6c49\u5821\uff0c\u5728\u4e00\u4e9b\u6218\u7565\u91cd\u70b9\u56fd\u5bb6\u8bbe\u6709\u5b50\u516c\u53f8\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u5176\u5b83\u5e02\u573a\u5747\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0e\u5f53\u5730\u5206\u9500\u5546\u5408\u4f5c\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n \u4e3b\u8981\u4ea7\u54c1\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u79fb\u6db2\u5668\u3001\u81ea\u52a8\u5206\u6db2\u7cfb\u7edf\u3001\u5206\u6db2\u5668\u3001\u79bb\u5fc3\u673a\u3001\u6df7\u5300\u5668\u548c\u5149\u5ea6\u8ba1\u3001DNA\u6269\u589e\u4eea\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u8d85\u4f4e\u6e29\u51b0\u7bb1\u3001\u53d1\u9175\u7f50\u3001\u751f\u7269\u53cd\u5e94\u5668\u3001CO2 \u57f9\u517b\u7bb1\u3001\u751f\u7269\u6447\u5e8a\u548c\u7ec6\u80de\u663e\u5fae\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u76f8\u5173\u8017\u6750\u4ea7\u54c1\u5982\u79fb\u6db2\u5438\u5934\u3001\u79bb\u5fc3\u7ba1\u3001\u5fae\u91cf\u53cd\u5e94\u677f\u548c\u4e00\u6b21\u6027\u751f\u7269\u53cd\u5e94\u5668\uff0c\u914d\u5408Eppendorf\u4eea\u5668\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u4e3a\u5ba2\u6237\u63d0\u4f9b\u9ad8\u8d28\u91cf\u7684\u6574\u4f53\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n Eppendorf \u4ea7\u54c1\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u5b66\u672f\u79d1\u7814\u548c\u5546\u4e1a\u7814\u7a76\u673a\u6784\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u5236\u836f\u3001\u751f\u7269\u6280\u672f\u4ee5\u53ca\u5316\u5b66\u5206\u6790\u548c\u98df\u54c1\u884c\u4e1a\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e34\u5e8a\u548c\u73af\u5883\u5206\u6790\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u3001\u6cd5\u533b\u68c0\u6d4b\u548c\u8fdb\u884c\u9700\u8981\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5206\u6790\u3001\u751f\u4ea7\u53ca\u8d28\u63a7\u7684\u5de5\u4e1a\u751f\u4ea7\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n Eppendorf\u662f\u4e00\u5bb6\u5fb7\u56fd\u79c1\u4eba\u516c\u53f8\uff0c\u5f00\u53d1\u548c\u9500\u552e\u7528\u4e8e\u5904\u7406\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u6db2\u4f53\u3001\u7ec6\u80de\u548c\u6837\u54c1\u7684\u4eea\u5668\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u6d88\u8017\u54c1\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u3002\u5176\u4ea7\u54c1\u5305\u62ec\u81ea\u52a8\u79fb\u6db2\u7cfb\u7edf\u3001\u79bb\u5fc3\u673a\u3001\u6df7\u5408\u5668\u3001\u5149\u8c31\u4eea\u3001DNA\u6269\u589e\u8bbe\u5907\u3001\u53d1\u9175\u7f50\u3001\u751f\u7269\u53cd\u5e94\u5668\u548c\u7ec6\u80de\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002<\/p>\n 13\u3001Spectris\uff08\u82f1\u56fd\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n \u4eea\u5668\u9500\u552e\u989d\uff1a7.23\u4ebf\u7f8e\u5143<\/p>\n \u601d\u767e\u5409\uff08Spectris\uff09\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u5bb6\u7cbe\u4e8e\u4e13\u4e1a\u6280\u672f\u7684\u4eea\u8868\u548c\u7535\u5b50\u63a7\u5236\u88c5\u7f6e\u516c\u53f8\uff0c\u4e8e2001\u5e745\u6708\u7531\u5bcc\u745e\u96c6\u56e2\uff08Fairey Group\uff09\u66f4\u540d\u800c\u6765\uff0c\u6807\u5fd7\u5176\u4ece\u82f1\u56fd\u822a\u7a7a\u548c\u5de5\u7a0b\u8f6c\u578b\u4e3a\u4e00\u5bb6\u521b\u65b0\u6027\u6280\u672f\u7684\u4f9b\u5e94\u5546\uff0c\u65e8\u5728\u5e2e\u52a9\u5176\u5168\u7403\u5ba2\u6237\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e1a\u7ee9\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n \u672c\u516c\u53f8\u7531Richard Fairey\u7235\u58eb\u4e8e1915\u5e74\u521b\u529e\uff0c\u59cb\u79f0\u5bcc\u745e\u822a\u7a7a\u6709\u9650\u516c\u53f8\u3002\u8d77\u521d\u662f\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u5bb6\u6c34\u4e0a\u98de\u673a\u5236\u9020\u5546\u5f97\u5230\u5ba2\u6237\u8ba4\u53ef\u300220\u4e16\u7eaa30\u5e74\u4ee3\u81f340\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u672c\u516c\u53f8\u751f\u4ea7\u7684\u98de\u673a\u58f0\u540d\u9e4a\u8d77\u300220\u4e16\u7eaa50\u5e74\u4ee3\u822a\u7a7a\u884c\u4e1a\u53d1\u5c55\u5408\u7406\u5316\u540e\uff0c\u672c\u516c\u53f8\u8fdb\u884c\u591a\u5143\u5316\u7ecf\u8425\u5e76\u5728\u4e00\u4e9b\u975e\u822a\u7a7a\u4e1a\u9886\u57df\u53d1\u5c55\u5176\u5de5\u7a0b\u6280\u672f\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u6d77\u4e0a\u3001\u80fd\u6e90\u548c\u8fc7\u6ee4\u53ca\u7b5b\u9009\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n 20\u4e16\u7eaa90\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u672c\u516c\u53f8\u4fa7\u91cd\u4e8e\u5176\u5728\u7535\u5b50\u9886\u57df\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u6536\u8d2d\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u516c\u53f8\uff0c\u5e76\u5265\u79bb\u4e86\u7535\u7edd\u7f18\u4f53\u548c\u6db2\u538b\u4f20\u52a8\u88c5\u7f6e\u4e1a\u52a1\u30021997\u5e74\uff0c\u516c\u53f8\u6536\u8d2d\u4e86Burnfield\u516c\u53f8\u4e2d\u6700\u4e3a\u91cd\u8981\u7684Malvern\u516c\u53f8\u3002Servomex plc\u4e8e1999\u5e74\u88ab\u6536\u8d2d\u3002Spectris AG\uff08\u5fb7\u56fd\uff09\u516c\u53f8\u4e8e2000\u5e747\u6708\u51fa\u8d441.71\u4ebf\u82f1\u9551\u6536\u8d2d\u4e864\u5bb6\u4eea\u8868\u4e0e\u63a7\u5236\u88c5\u7f6e\u516c\u53f8\uff0c\u6b64\u4e3e\u662f\u672c\u516c\u53f8\u4f5c\u51fa\u7684\u6700\u5927\u7684\u4e00\u6869\u6536\u8d2d\u884c\u52a8\uff0c\u5e76\u5bf9\u4e8e\u516c\u53f8\u7684\u4eea\u8868\u548c\u63a7\u5236\u88c5\u7f6e\u4e1a\u52a1\u6709\u91cd\u8981\u6218\u7565\u610f\u4e49\u30022001\u5e745\u6708\uff0c\u516c\u53f8\u66f4\u540d\u4e3aSpectris plc\uff0c\u6807\u5fd7\u7740\u96c6\u56e2\u91cd\u7ec4\u884c\u52a8\u7684\u5f00\u59cb\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n 2001\u5e74\uff0c\u51fa\u552e\u4e862\u5bb6\u4e3b\u8425\u8fc7\u6ee4\u7b5b\u9009\u7cfb\u7edf\u516c\u53f8\u30022003\u5e74\u516c\u53f8\u5c06\u6700\u540e\u5c06\u5269\u4e0b\u7684Fairey\u5de5\u4e1a\u9676\u74f7\u516c\u53f8\u552e\u51fa\u30022002\u5e749\u6708\uff0c\u601d\u767e\u5409\uff08Spectris\uff09\u6536\u8d2d\u4e86\u83f2\u5229\u666e\u516c\u53f8\u7684\u83f2\u5229\u666e\u5206\u6790\u4eea\u5668\u90e8\u95e8\uff0c\u73b0\u540d\u4e3a\u5e15\u90a3\u79d1\u5206\u6790\u4eea\u5668\uff08PANanlytical\uff09\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n 14\u3001\u65e5\u672c\u7535\u5b50JEOL\uff08\u65e5\u672c\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n \u4eea\u5668\u9500\u552e\u989d\uff1a6.48\u4ebf\u7f8e\u5143<\/p>\n \u65e5\u672c\u7535\u5b50\u682a\u5f0f\u4f1a\u793e\uff0c\u7b80\u79f0\u662fJEOL\uff0c\u662f\u4e16\u754c\u9876\u7ea7\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u4eea\u5668\u751f\u4ea7\u5236\u9020\u5546\u3002JEOL\u9762\u5411\u4e2d\u56fd\u53ca\u5168\u7403\uff0c\u751f\u4ea7\u9500\u552e\u5404\u578b\u626b\u63cf\u7535\u5b50\u663e\u5fae\u955c\u3001\u900f\u5c04\u7535\u5b50\u663e\u5fae\u955c\u3001\u7535\u5b50\u63a2\u9488\u3001\u626b\u63cf\u63a2\u9488\u663e\u5fae\u955c\u3001X\u5c04\u7ebf\u8367\u5149\u5149\u8c31\u4eea\u3001\u6838\u78c1\u5171\u632f\u8bbe\u5907\u3001\u8d28\u8c31\u4eea\u3001\u7535\u5b50\u81ea\u65cb\u632f\u52a8\u8bbe\u5907\u3001\u534a\u5bfc\u4f53\u5236\u9020\u68c0\u67e5\u88c5\u7f6e\u7b49\u3002\u4ea7\u54c1\u8fd0\u7528\u8986\u76d6\u4e86\u6750\u6599\u79d1\u5b66\u3001\u751f\u547d\u79d1\u5b66\u7b49\u5b66\u672f\u6280\u672f\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u5728\u65e0\u673a\u3001\u6709\u673a\u5316\u5408\u7269\u3001\u91d1\u5c5e\u6750\u6599\uff0c\u571f\u58e4\uff0c\u77ff\u4ea7\uff0c\u533b\u836f\uff0c\u7cbe\u7ec6\u5316\u5de5\uff0c\u7535\u5b50\u6750\u6599\uff0c\u751f\u7269\u6837\u54c1\u7b49\u7684\u5b9a\u6027\u548c\u5b9a\u91cf\u5206\u6790\u9274\u5b9a\u4e0a\u5e7f\u53d7\u63a8\u5d07\u3002\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u56fd\u5185\uff0c\u4f17\u591a\u91cd\u70b9\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u3001\u79d1\u5b66\u9662\u90e8\u95e8\u3001\u79d1\u7814\u6240\u3001\u5927\u4e13\u9662\u6821\u3001\u533b\u7597\u673a\u6784\u3001\u653f\u5e9c\u673a\u6784\u548c\u4f01\u4e1a\u5355\u4f4d\u90fd\u6709JEOL\u7684\u4ea7\u54c1\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n JEOL\u7684\u4ea7\u54c1\u5305\u62ec\u534a\u5bfc\u4f53\u3001\u5de5\u4e1a\u548c\u533b\u7597\u8bbe\u5907\uff0c\u4f46\u517665%\u7684\u9500\u552e\u989d\u6765\u81eaC&EN\u8ffd\u8e2a\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u548c\u8ba1\u91cf\u8bbe\u5907\u3002 \u8be5\u516c\u53f8\u751f\u4ea7\u7535\u5b50\u5149\u5b66\u3001\u6d4b\u91cf\u548c\u5206\u6790\u4eea\u5668\u3002\u81ea\u5b89\u6377\u4f26\u79d1\u6280\u4e8e2014\u5e74\u9000\u51fa\u4e1a\u52a1\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u8be5\u516c\u53f8\u4e00\u76f4\u662f\u5927\u578b\u6838\u78c1\u5171\u632f\u4eea\u5668\u7684\u4e24\u5bb6\u5236\u9020\u5546\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u5bb6\u5219\u662f\u5e03\u9c81\u514b\u3002<\/p>\n 15\u3001\u65e5\u7acb\u9ad8\u65b0\uff08\u65e5\u672c\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n \u4eea\u5668\u9500\u552e\u989d\uff1a6.13\u4ebf\u7f8e\u5143<\/p>\n \u65e5\u7acb\u9ad8\u65b0\uff0c\u66fe\u7ecf\u4ee5\u6301\u6709\u9ad8\u6c34\u51c6\u6280\u672f\u800c\u9a70\u540d\u4e16\u754c\uff0c\u65e5\u7acb\u9ad8\u65b0\u6280\u672f\u662f\u4e00\u5bb6\u7740\u91cd\u4e8e\u9ad8\u7cbe\u5ea6\u6280\u672f\u53ca\u751f\u7269\u5de5\u827a\u5b66\u7684\u6700\u5c16\u7aef\u6280\u672f\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u5f00\u53d1\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ee5\u7531\u8be5\u6700\u5c16\u7aef\u6280\u672f\u5b55\u80b2\u800c\u751f\u7684\u534a\u5bfc\u4f53\u5236\u9020\u88c5\u7f6e\u548c\u533b\u7597\u673a\u68b0\u7b49\u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u3001\u5236\u9020\u3001\u9500\u552e\u4e8b\u4e1a\u4e3a\u4e2d\u5fc3\uff0c\u5e76\u7ecf\u8425\u88ab\u5728\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7ecf\u6d4e\u9886\u57df\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u9ad8\u65b0\u6280\u672f\u4ea7\u4e1a\u673a\u5668\u3001\u4fe1\u606f\u7cfb\u7edf\u3001\u7535\u5b50\u4ea7\u54c1\u3001\u5c16\u7aef\u673a\u80fd\u6750\u6599\u3002\u5728\u4e16\u754c\u5404\u5730\u8fdb\u884c\u5236\u9020\u3001\u9500\u552e\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u5728\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5c16\u7aef\u4ea7\u4e1a\u9886\u57df\u4e2d\u6240\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u6280\u672f\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u5bb6\u5f97\u5230\u5168\u4e16\u754c\u4ea7\u4e1a\u754c\u597d\u8bc4\u7684\u6210\u957f\u4f01\u4e1a\u3002\u65e9\u57282002\u5e74\u5ea6\u7684\u9500\u552e\u989d\u5c31\u8fbe\u5230\u7ea6520\u4ebf\u4eba\u6c11\u5e01\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6536\u76ca\u6027\u9ad8\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u5f3a\u5927\u8d22\u52a1\u4f53\u8d28\u7684\u4f01\u4e1a\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n \u65e5\u7acb\u9ad8\u65b0\u6280\u672f\u6709\u56db\u4e2a\u4e1a\u52a1\uff0c \u5176\u4e2dC&EN\u8ddf\u8e2a\u7684\u662f\u7b2c\u56db\u4e2a\uff0c\u79d1\u5b66\u548c\u533b\u7597\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e1a\u52a1\uff0c\u5360\u516c\u53f8\u5e74\u9500\u552e\u989d\u76849%\u3002\u8be5\u4e1a\u52a1\u7684\u4ea7\u54c1\u7ec4\u5408\u5305\u62ec\u6db2\u76f8\u8272\u8c31\u4eea\u3001\u8d28\u8c31\u4eea\u548c\u5206\u5149\u5149\u5ea6\u8ba1\uff0c\u5b83\u8fd8\u5236\u4f5c\u805a\u7126\u5149\u675f\u548c\u539f\u5b50\u529b\u663e\u5fae\u955c\u3002<\/p>\n 16\u3001\u5c3c\u5eb7\uff08\u65e5\u672c\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n \u4eea\u5668\u9500\u552e\u989d\uff1a5.71\u4ebf\u7f8e\u5143<\/p>\n \u5c3c\u5eb7(Nikon)\uff0c\u662f\u65e5\u672c\u7684\u4e00\u5bb6\u4eab\u8a89\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u8457\u540d\u76f8\u673a\u5236\u9020\u5546\u3002\u5c3c\u5eb7\u5176\u4f17\u591a\u7684\u8457\u540d\u76f8\u673a\u4ea7\u54c1\u4e2d\uff0c\u6700\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\uff1a\u5c3c\u514b\u5c14(Nikkor)\u76f8\u673a\u955c\u5934\u3001\u5c3c\u5eb7\u6c34\u4e0b\u7167\u76f8\u673a(Nikonos)\u3001\u5c3c\u5eb7F\u7cfb\u5217\u7684135\u80f6\u5377\u5355\u53cd\u76f8\u673a\u3001\u8fd8\u6709\u5c3c\u5eb7D\u7cfb\u5217\u7684\u6570\u7801\u5355\u53cd\u76f8\u673a\uff0c\u6d88\u8d39\u6027\u6570\u7801\u76f8\u673aCoolpix\u7cfb\u5217\u3002\u5c3c\u5eb7\u4e5f\u662f\u4e16\u754c\u4e00\u6d41\u7684\u5206\u6b65\u91cd\u590d\u534a\u5bfc\u4f53\u751f\u4ea7\u8bbe\u5907(\u5206\u6863\u5668)\u7684\u5236\u9020\u5546\u3002\u516c\u53f8\u8fd8\u751f\u4ea7\u62a4\u76ee\u955c\uff0c\u773c\u79d1\u68c0\u67e5\u8bbe\u5907\uff0c\u53cc\u7b52\u671b\u8fdc\u955c\uff0c\u663e\u5fae\u955c\uff0c\u52d8\u6d4b\u5668\u6750\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n \u5c3c\u5eb7\u662f\u5168\u7403\u8457\u540d\u7684\u5149\u5b66\u4ea7\u54c1\u8bbe\u8ba1\u548c\u5236\u9020\u5546\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u5f53\u4eca\u4e16\u754c\u5c16\u7aef\u7684\u5149\u5b66\u79d1\u6280\u6c34\u5e73\u3002\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5176\u5149\u5b66\u4ea7\u54c1\u4ee5\u4f18\u5f02\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u8457\u79f0\u4e8e\u4e16\u3002\u5c3c\u5eb7\u5149\u5b66\u79d1\u6280\u5728\u5f71\u50cf\u3001\u5149\u7ea4\u3001\u534a\u5bfc\u4f53\u3001\u89c6\u5149\u3001\u79d1\u8003\u7b49\u4eba\u7c7b\u751f\u4ea7\u3001\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u5404\u4e2a\u9886\u57df\u53d1\u6325\u7740\u91cd\u8981\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u5c3c\u5eb7\u54c1\u724c\u7ed9\u4eba\u4eec\u7559\u4e0b\u9ad8\u54c1\u8d28\uff0c\u9ad8\u79d1\u6280\uff0c\u9ad8\u7cbe\u5bc6\u5ea6\u7684\u5f62\u8c61\u3002\u5c3c\u5eb7\u955c\u7247\u5177\u6709\u5148\u8fdb\u5149\u5b66\u6280\u672f\u3001\u9ad8\u6e05\u6670\uff0c\u9ad8\u900f\u5149\u7387\uff0c\u5148\u8fdb\u9540\u819c\u6280\u672f\u7b49\u7279\u70b9\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n \u5c3c\u5eb7\u5728\u955c\u7247\u7684\u9ad8\u6298\u5c04\u7387\u6750\u6599\u3001\u975e\u7403\u9762\u6280\u672f\u3001\u4e2a\u6027\u5316\u5149\u5b66\u8bbe\u8ba1\u3001\u5149\u5b66\u9540\u819c\u7b49\u65b9\u9762\u5904\u4e8e\u4e16\u754c\u9886\u5148\u5730\u4f4d\u3002\u5c3c\u5eb7SEE\u7cfb\u5217\u955c\u7247\u548c\u9540\u819c\u662f\u5c3c\u5eb7\u5c16\u7aef\u5149\u5b66\u6280\u672f\u7684\u4ee3\u8868\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n 17\u3001Illumina<\/strong>\uff08\u7f8e\u56fd\uff09<\/p>\n \u4eea\u5668\u9500\u552e\u989d\uff1a5.69\u4ebf\u7f8e\u5143<\/p>\n \u56e0\u7f8e\u7eb3illumina\uff0c\u5728\u5168\u7403NGS\u4e43\u81f3\u6574\u4e2a\u6d4b\u5e8f\u5e02\u573a\u4e2d\u7684\u62e5\u6709\u9738\u4e3b\u5730\u4f4d\u3002\u82e5\u5f15\u7528illumina\u5b98\u65b9\u8bf4\u6cd5:\u201c\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a90%\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u6d4b\u5e8f\u6570\u636e\u90fd\u7531Illumina\u4eea\u5668\u4ea7\u751f\u201d\uff0c\u56e0\u7f8e\u7eb3\u66fe\u7ecf\u662f2021\u300a\u65f6\u4ee3\u5468\u520a\u300b\u5e74\u5ea6\u6700\u5177\u5f71\u54cd\u529b100\u5bb6\u4f01\u4e1a\u3002illumina\u96c4\u8e1eNGS\u5e02\u573a\u7684\u3002\u5c24\u5176\u662fHiSeq\u7cfb\u5217\u6d4b\u5e8f\u4eea\u7684\u95ee\u4e16\uff0c\u4ee5\u901a\u91cf\u9ad8\uff0c\u4ea7\u91cf\u5927\uff0c\u751f\u4ea7\u89c4\u6a21\u8457\u79f0\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u5feb\u901f\u3001\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5730\u8fdb\u884c\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u5e73\u884c\u6d4b\u5e8f\uff0c\u5728\u5927\u578b\u5168\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\u6d4b\u5e8f\uff0c\u5168\u8f6c\u5f55\u7ec4\uff0c\u5168\u5916\u663e\u5b50\u7ec4\u6d4b\u5e8f\uff0c\u9776\u5411\u57fa\u56e0\u6d4b\u5e8f\u65b9\u9762\u4f18\u52bf\u660e\u663e\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n NovaSeq\u7cfb\u5217\u6d4b\u5e8f\u4eea\u95ee\u4e16\uff0c\u6beb\u65e0\u7591\u95ee\u6807\u5fd7\u7740\u6d4b\u5e8f\u65b0\u7eaa\u5143\u7684\u5230\u6765\uff0c\u65e8\u5728\u5c06\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\u6d4b\u5e8f\u7684\u4ef7\u683c\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u964d\u81f3100\u7f8e\u5143\u3002\u5168\u65b0\u7684NovaSeq\u7cfb\u5217\u6d4b\u5e8f\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u7a81\u7834\u6280\u672f\u9769\u65b0\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u53ef\u6269\u5c55\u7684\u901a\u91cf\u3001\u7075\u6d3b\u7b80\u4fbf\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u548c\u7b80\u5316\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u6d41\u7a0b\uff0c\u5141\u8bb8\u4ee5\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u6df1\u5ea6\u6765\u53d1\u73b0\u7f55\u89c1\u7684\u9057\u4f20\u53d8\u5f02\uff0c\u4e3a\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u53d1\u73b0\u590d\u6742\u75be\u75c5\u53d8\u5f02\u6253\u5f00\u4e86\u5168\u65b0\u7684\u5e02\u573a\u3002NovaSeq \u6d4b\u5e8f\u5e73\u53f0\u5355\u6b21\u8fd0\u884c\u6700\u591a\u53ef\u68c0\u6d4b48\u4e2a\u4eba\u7c7b\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\uff0c\u4ea7\u51fa 6Tb \u7684\u6570\u636e\u91cf\uff0c\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u7f29\u77ed\u81f340\u4e2a\u5c0f\u65f6\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n Illumina\u516c\u53f8\u521b\u7acb\u4e8e1998\u5e744\u6708\uff0c\u662f\u9057\u4f20\u53d8\u5f02\u548c\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u529f\u80fd\u5206\u6790\u9886\u57df\u7684\u4f18\u79c0\u7684\u4ea7\u54c1\u3001\u6280\u672f\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u4f9b\u5e94\u5546\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5e2e\u52a9\u5ba2\u6237\u52a0\u5feb\u5b9e\u73b0\u751f\u7269\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u91c7\u96c6\u3001\u5206\u6790\u548c\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u6765\u6539\u5584\u4eba\u7c7b\u5065\u5eb7\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n \u503c\u5f97\u4e00\u63d0\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u6743\u5a01\u6742\u5fd7\u300a\u9ebb\u7701\u7406\u5de5\u79d1\u6280\u8bc4\u8bba\u300b(MIT Technology Review)\u4e8e18\u65e5\u8bc4\u51fa\u4e86”2014\u5e74\u5ea6\u5168\u7403\u521b\u65b0\u4f01\u4e1a50\u5f3a”\uff0c\u5171\u67098\u5bb6\u751f\u7269\u79d1\u6280\u516c\u53f8\u4e0a\u699c\uff0cIllumina\u66f4\u662f\u9ad8\u5c45\u699c\u9996\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n Illumina\u7684\u4eea\u5668\u9500\u552e\u989d\u5360\u5176\u6536\u5165\u7684\u8fd117%\uff0c\u57282018\u5e74\u589e\u957f\u4e8610%\u4ee5\u4e0a\u3002\u8be5\u516c\u53f8\u9500\u552e\u7684\u5927\u591a\u6570\u4eea\u5668\u7528\u4e8e\u65b0\u4e00\u4ee3\u6d4b\u5e8f\uff0c\u4f46\u7ea67%\u662f\u5fae\u9635\u5217\u3002\u4f5c\u4e3a\u57fa\u56e0\u6d4b\u5e8f\u5e02\u573a\u7684\u9886\u5bfc\u8005\uff0cIllumina\u57282018\u5e7411\u6708\u4ee512\u4ebf\u7f8e\u5143\u7684\u534f\u8bae\u4ef7\u683c\u6536\u8d2d\u4e86\u5176\u7ade\u4e89\u5bf9\u624bPacific Biosciences\u3002<\/p>\n 18\u3001\u8d5b\u591a\u5229\u65af\uff08\u5fb7\u56fd\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n \u4eea\u5668\u9500\u552e\u989d\uff1a5\u4ebf\u7f8e\u5143<\/p>\n \u8d5b\u591a\u5229\u65af\u662f\u5168\u7403\u6700\u65e9\u751f\u4ea7\u3001\u9500\u552e\u77ed\u81c2\u5206\u6790\u5929\u5e73\u7684\u516c\u53f8\u30021870\u5e74\uff0cFlorenz Sartorius\u521b\u5efa\u4e86\u8d5b\u591a\u5229\u65af\u516c\u53f8\uff0c\u603b\u90e8\u4f4d\u4e8e\u5fb7\u56fd\u54e5\u5ef7\u6839\u5e02\uff0c\u3002\u8d5b\u591a\u5229\u65af\u516c\u53f8\u5df2\u5728\u673a\u68b0\u7535\u5b50\u3001\u751f\u7269\u6280\u672f\u548c\u73af\u5883\u6280\u672f\u9886\u57df\u5c45\u4e8e\u4e16\u754c\u9886\u5bfc\u5730\u4f4d\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n 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